バーコード用語集
バーコード技術の主要用語と定義 150 語をトピック別に整理。
1D線形シンボル体系
15Terminology for traditional linear (one-dimensional) barcode symbologies used in retail, logistics, and healthcare.
UPC-A
12-digit retail barcode standard used in North America since 1974.
注目UPC-E
Compact 8-digit version of UPC-A using zero suppression.
EAN-13
13-digit barcode used worldwide for retail product identification.
注目EAN-8
Compact 8-digit barcode for small products with limited space.
Code 39
Variable-length alphanumeric barcode for letters and digits.
注目Code 128
High-density barcode encoding all 128 ASCII characters.
注目Code 93
Higher-density improvement of Code 39 with dual check characters.
コーダバー
Self-checking barcode for libraries, blood banks, and airbills.
ITF-14
14-digit barcode for outer cartons and shipping containers.
GS1-128
Code 128 subset with GS1 Application Identifiers for supply chains.
注目GS1 データバー
Compact barcode family for produce, coupons, and small items.
インターリーブド 2 of 5
Numeric-only barcode encoding digit pairs for logistics.
MSI プレッシー
Inventory control barcode for shelf labels and warehouse racking.
ファーマコード
Pharmaceutical packaging barcode for production error detection.
POSTNET
US Postal barcode encoding ZIP codes for automated mail sorting.
2DおよびマトリクスシンボS体系
10Terms for two-dimensional and matrix barcode formats that encode data in patterns of squares, dots, or hexagons.
データマトリックス
2D matrix barcode storing up to 2,335 characters compactly.
注目PDF417
Stacked barcode for IDs, shipping labels, and boarding passes.
注目アステックコード
2D barcode with bullseye pattern, no quiet zone needed.
マキシコード
Fixed-size 2D barcode with hexagonal modules by UPS.
ドットコード
2D barcode using disconnected dots for high-speed inkjet printing.
漢信コード
Chinese 2D barcode supporting native character encoding.
GS1 データマトリックス
Data Matrix with GS1 AIs for pharma and food traceability.
注目マイクロ PDF417
Compact PDF417 variant for small items and components.
GS1 複合コード
Linear barcode plus 2D composite for extra encoded data.
QRコード
2D matrix barcode encoding up to 7,089 numeric characters.
注目バーコードの構造と解剖
15The physical components and structural elements that make up a barcode symbol.
バー
Dark line element in a barcode that encodes data by width.
スペース
Light gap between bars that carries encoded data.
モジュール
Narrowest bar or space; the basic unit of barcode width.
注目X寸法
Width of the narrowest bar or space; fundamental sizing unit.
注目クワイエットゾーン
Required blank margin on both sides of a barcode.
注目スタートキャラクタ
Opening pattern identifying symbology and scan direction.
ストップキャラクタ
Closing pattern signaling the decoder to stop reading.
ガードバー
Fixed patterns framing data in EAN/UPC barcodes.
チェックデジット
Calculated digit appended to barcode data for error detection.
注目人間が読めるテキスト
Printed text below a barcode for manual entry backup.
ベアラーバー
Thick border preventing edge misreads, common on ITF-14.
文字セット
Characters a symbology can encode: numeric, alpha, or ASCII.
自己チェック
Symbology property ensuring single print errors are detectable.
太細比
Width ratio of wide to narrow elements in two-width barcodes.
シンボル体系
Rules defining how data is encoded into bars and spaces.
注目GS1標準と識別子
15Global Standards One (GS1) identifiers, data structures, and numbering systems for supply chain identification.
GS1
Global standards body for barcodes, GTINs, and supply chains.
注目GTIN
Unique numeric product identifier encoded in EAN/UPC barcodes.
注目GTIN-8
8-digit product identifier for EAN-8 barcodes.
GTIN-12
12-digit product identifier for UPC-A barcodes in North America.
GTIN-13
13-digit product identifier for EAN-13, the global standard.
GTIN-14
14-digit identifier for ITF-14 barcodes on cases and pallets.
GS1 企業プレフィックス
Unique GS1-assigned number forming the start of product GTINs.
注目アプリケーション識別子
2-4 digit prefix defining data type in GS1-128 barcodes.
注目SSCC
18-digit GS1 identifier for pallets and shipping containers.
GLN
13-digit GS1 identifier for locations and business entities.
GS1 デジタルリンク
Web URI standard enabling QR codes to replace traditional barcodes.
注目FNC1
Special character marking GS1-formatted data in barcodes.
GS1 一般仕様
Comprehensive GS1 document defining all barcode standards.
NDC
US FDA 10-digit drug identifier encoded in barcodes.
UDI
FDA system requiring barcodes on medical devices for tracking.
チェックデジットと検証
10Algorithms and techniques for calculating and verifying barcode check digits to ensure data integrity.
チェックデジットアルゴリズム
Math formula calculating verification digits for error detection.
注目モジュロ 10
Most common check digit algorithm, used by EAN/UPC barcodes.
注目モジュロ 43
Code 39 check digit algorithm dividing character sums by 43.
モジュロ 103
Code 128 check digit using weighted positional values mod 103.
重み付き合計
Digit calculation using position-dependent multiplier weights.
桁検証
Recalculating a check digit to confirm data integrity.
誤読
Scanner decoding incorrect data; detected by check digits.
初回読み取り率
Percentage of successful reads on the first scan attempt.
デコード率
Overall success percentage across multiple scan attempts.
未読取
Failed scan where the barcode cannot be decoded at all.
スキャン技術
12Hardware and software technologies used to read and decode barcode symbols.
レーザースキャナー
Scanner using a swept laser beam to read reflected light.
注目CCDスキャナー
Scanner using a CCD sensor array with no moving parts.
エリアイメージャー
Camera-based scanner reading 1D and 2D barcodes from any angle.
注目全方向スキャナー
Scanner reading barcodes regardless of orientation.
モバイルスキャン
Using smartphone cameras to scan barcodes via apps.
注目被写界深度
Distance range for successful barcode scanner reads.
スキャンライン
Path of the laser or sensor across a barcode during reading.
反射率
Percentage of light reflected by bars and spaces.
印刷コントラスト信号
Reflectance difference between spaces and bars (PCS formula).
デコードアルゴリズム
Software converting captured light patterns into barcode data.
プレゼンテーションスキャナー
Fixed-mount hands-free scanner for retail checkout counters.
ワンドスキャナー
Pen-like contact scanner; the earliest barcode reader type.
印刷と品質
12Barcode printing methods, materials, and quality assessment standards.
熱転写印刷
Heat-ribbon printing producing durable, high-quality barcodes.
注目感熱印刷
Heat-sensitive paper printing for temporary barcode labels.
インクジェットバーコード印刷
Inkjet printing for industrial case coding and production.
レーザーエッチング
Permanent barcode marking on metal, glass, or plastic via laser.
ISO/IEC 15416
International standard grading linear barcode print quality A-F.
注目ISO/IEC 15415
International standard for 2D barcode print quality grading.
バーコード検証器
Device grading barcode print quality per ISO standards.
倍率
Barcode scaling factor relative to nominal size (80%-200%).
切り捨て
Reducing barcode height below spec, risking scan reliability.
バー幅縮小
Narrowing bars in prepress to compensate for ink spread.
インク広がり
Printed bars widening from ink absorption, affecting readability.
基材
Material a barcode is printed on, affecting print quality.
小売とサプライチェーン
12Barcode applications in retail point-of-sale, inventory management, and supply chain operations.
販売時点
Retail checkout system scanning barcodes for pricing.
注目SKU
Retailer's internal product identifier, distinct from GTIN.
PLUコード
4-5 digit number for fresh produce at retail checkout.
クーポンバーコード
Barcode encoding coupon value and manufacturer for POS redemption.
EAN 補助コード
2- or 5-digit add-on for periodicals and book pricing.
ケースマーキング
Barcoding outer shipping cases for warehouse operations.
パレットラベル
GS1-128 label on pallets encoding SSCC and product data.
クロスドッキング
Logistics process redirecting scanned goods without storage.
EDI
Automated business communication triggered by barcode events.
事前出荷通知
Pre-delivery EDI document with scannable SSCC data.
入荷スキャン
Scanning incoming shipments to update and verify inventory.
棚卸減耗
Inventory loss from theft, damage, or scan errors.
医療と製薬
12Barcode systems for patient safety, drug traceability, and medical device identification.
HIBC
Healthcare barcode standard predating GS1 in hospitals.
FMD
EU regulation requiring serialized 2D barcodes on drug packaging.
注目シリアライゼーション
Assigning unique serial numbers to products for track-and-trace.
注目集約
Linking individual item barcodes to their shipping containers.
医薬品履歴
Record of each drug custody transfer verified by barcode scans.
DSCSA
US law requiring barcode serialization of pharmaceuticals.
注目ベッドサイドスキャン
Scanning wristband and medication barcodes to prevent errors.
リストバンドバーコード
Patient wristband barcode for hospital identification.
検体ラベリング
Barcoding blood samples and lab specimens to prevent errors.
血液バンクバーコード
ISBT 128 barcodes on blood products encoding donation data.
ワクチンバーコード
GS1 DataMatrix on vaccine vials encoding NDC and lot data.
手術器具バーコード
Laser-etched Data Matrix on instruments for sterilization tracking.
物流と倉庫
10Barcode-driven processes in warehouse management, shipping, and last-mile delivery.
倉庫管理
Barcode-driven inventory, picking, packing, and shipping.
注目ピックトゥライト
Barcode scanning with illuminated pick locations.
ロケーションバーコード
Barcodes on shelves and bins encoding storage location IDs.
循環棚卸
Periodic barcode-scanned verification of selected inventory.
ウェーブピッキング
Processing multiple orders simultaneously via barcode scanning.
ラストマイル追跡
Barcode scanning at each stage from warehouse to doorstep.
配送証明
Electronic delivery confirmation via barcode scans and signatures.
仕分け
Automated conveyor routing packages via barcode scanning.
容積重量
Shipping cost calculation from package dimensions.
ボイスピッキング
Voice-directed picking with barcode scan verification.
標準と規制
12International standards organizations and regulatory frameworks governing barcode implementation.
ISO/IEC
Joint body publishing international barcode standards.
AIM インターナショナル
Association for Automatic Identification and Mobility standards.
ANSI
US standards body that adopted barcode symbology standards.
GS1 メンバー組織
National GS1 affiliates assigning company prefixes locally.
サンライズ日付
GS1 deadline for mandatory new barcode format acceptance.
コンプライアンスラベリング
Meeting barcode labeling requirements to avoid chargebacks.
チャージバック
Retailer penalty for non-compliant or unreadable barcodes.
データキャリア
Physical barcode symbol carrying encoded data.
シンボル体系識別子
Scanner-transmitted prefix identifying the barcode type read.
自動識別
Technology category: barcodes, RFID, NFC, and biometrics.
データ構造
Defined format and meaning of barcode-encoded data.
アプリケーション標準
Industry-specific barcode rules like HIBC or AIAG standards.
歴史と革新
15Key milestones, inventions, and innovations in the evolution of barcode technology.
ウッドランド＆シルバー特許
1949 US patent describing the first barcode concept.
注目ブルズアイバーコード
Original 1949 circular barcode inspired by Morse code.
最初のUPCスキャン
June 26, 1974: first product barcode scan in Troy, Ohio.
注目IBMとバーコード
George Laurer at IBM designed UPC-A in 1973.
デンソーウェーブ 2D イノベーション
DENSO WAVE invented QR Code in 1994 for consumer use.
UPSとマキシコード
UPS developed MaxiCode in 1992 for package sorting.
臨時委員会
1970s committee that selected UPC from competing proposals.
レーザースキャン発明
1970s HeNe laser scanners enabling high-speed barcode reading.
GS1 設立
2005 merger of EAN International and UCC into GS1.
サンライズ 2005
2005 deadline requiring scanners to read both UPC-A and EAN-13.
2Dバーコードの進化
1980s-1990s development of PDF417, Data Matrix, and QR codes.
RFIDとバーコードの比較
Ongoing comparison of RFID tags versus barcodes for Auto-ID.
GS1 デジタルリンクの未来
GS1 initiative replacing barcodes with QR-based web URIs by 2027.
モバイルコマースとバーコード
Barcode transformation via smartphone scanning and mobile payments.
持続可能なバーコーディング
Eco-friendly barcoding with recycled labels and soy-based inks.
よくある質問
バーコード用語集は何をカバーしていますか?
用語集は、シンボル体系、エンコードアルゴリズム、印刷仕様、GS1規格を含む12のカテゴリーにわたる150以上のバーコード用語を定義しています。
バーコードシンボル体系とは何ですか?
バーコードシンボル体系は、バーコード内のデータを表現するために使用されるバーとスペースのパターンを定義する特定のエンコード標準です。
1Dバーコードと2Dバーコードの違いは何ですか?
1Dバーコードは水平方向のバー幅でデータをエンコードします。2Dバーコードは水平方向と垂直方向の両方のパターンでデータをエンコードし、はるかに多くの情報を格納します。
バーコードのクワイエットゾーンとは何ですか?
クワイエットゾーンは、スキャナーがバーコードを周囲のコンテンツから区別できるように、バーコードの各側に必要な空白の余白です。