Glossário de Código de Barras

150 termos e definições essenciais em tecnologia de código de barras, organizados por tema.

Simbologias lineares 1D

15

Terminology for traditional linear (one-dimensional) barcode symbologies used in retail, logistics, and healthcare.

UPC-A

12-digit retail barcode standard used in North America since 1974.

UPC-E

Compact 8-digit version of UPC-A using zero suppression.

EAN-13

13-digit barcode used worldwide for retail product identification.

EAN-8

Compact 8-digit barcode for small products with limited space.

Code 39

Variable-length alphanumeric barcode for letters and digits.

Code 128

High-density barcode encoding all 128 ASCII characters.

Code 93

Higher-density improvement of Code 39 with dual check characters.

Codabar

Self-checking barcode for libraries, blood banks, and airbills.

ITF-14

14-digit barcode for outer cartons and shipping containers.

GS1-128

Code 128 subset with GS1 Application Identifiers for supply chains.

GS1 DataBar

Compact barcode family for produce, coupons, and small items.

Intercalado 2 de 5

Numeric-only barcode encoding digit pairs for logistics.

MSI Plessey

Inventory control barcode for shelf labels and warehouse racking.

Pharmacode

Pharmaceutical packaging barcode for production error detection.

POSTNET

US Postal barcode encoding ZIP codes for automated mail sorting.

Simbologias 2D e matriciais

10

Terms for two-dimensional and matrix barcode formats that encode data in patterns of squares, dots, or hexagons.

Data Matrix

2D matrix barcode storing up to 2,335 characters compactly.

PDF417

Stacked barcode for IDs, shipping labels, and boarding passes.

Código Aztec

2D barcode with bullseye pattern, no quiet zone needed.

MaxiCode

Fixed-size 2D barcode with hexagonal modules by UPS.

DotCode

2D barcode using disconnected dots for high-speed inkjet printing.

Código Han Xin

Chinese 2D barcode supporting native character encoding.

GS1 DataMatrix

Data Matrix with GS1 AIs for pharma and food traceability.

Micro PDF417

Compact PDF417 variant for small items and components.

Código Composto GS1

Linear barcode plus 2D composite for extra encoded data.

Código QR

2D matrix barcode encoding up to 7,089 numeric characters.

Anatomia e estrutura do código de barras

15

The physical components and structural elements that make up a barcode symbol.

Barra

Dark line element in a barcode that encodes data by width.

Espaço

Light gap between bars that carries encoded data.

Módulo

Narrowest bar or space; the basic unit of barcode width.

Dimensão X

Width of the narrowest bar or space; fundamental sizing unit.

Zona de silêncio

Required blank margin on both sides of a barcode.

Caractere de início

Opening pattern identifying symbology and scan direction.

Caractere de parada

Closing pattern signaling the decoder to stop reading.

Barra de guarda

Fixed patterns framing data in EAN/UPC barcodes.

Dígito de verificação

Calculated digit appended to barcode data for error detection.

Texto legível por humanos

Printed text below a barcode for manual entry backup.

Barra portadora

Thick border preventing edge misreads, common on ITF-14.

Conjunto de caracteres

Characters a symbology can encode: numeric, alpha, or ASCII.

Autoconferência

Symbology property ensuring single print errors are detectable.

Relação largo-estreito

Width ratio of wide to narrow elements in two-width barcodes.

Simbologia

Rules defining how data is encoded into bars and spaces.

Padrões e identificadores GS1

15

Global Standards One (GS1) identifiers, data structures, and numbering systems for supply chain identification.

GS1

Global standards body for barcodes, GTINs, and supply chains.

GTIN

Unique numeric product identifier encoded in EAN/UPC barcodes.

GTIN-8

8-digit product identifier for EAN-8 barcodes.

GTIN-12

12-digit product identifier for UPC-A barcodes in North America.

GTIN-13

13-digit product identifier for EAN-13, the global standard.

GTIN-14

14-digit identifier for ITF-14 barcodes on cases and pallets.

Prefixo de Empresa GS1

Unique GS1-assigned number forming the start of product GTINs.

Identificador de aplicação

2-4 digit prefix defining data type in GS1-128 barcodes.

SSCC

18-digit GS1 identifier for pallets and shipping containers.

GLN

13-digit GS1 identifier for locations and business entities.

Link Digital GS1

Web URI standard enabling QR codes to replace traditional barcodes.

FNC1

Special character marking GS1-formatted data in barcodes.

Especificações Gerais GS1

Comprehensive GS1 document defining all barcode standards.

NDC

US FDA 10-digit drug identifier encoded in barcodes.

UDI

FDA system requiring barcodes on medical devices for tracking.

Dígito de verificação e validação

10

Algorithms and techniques for calculating and verifying barcode check digits to ensure data integrity.

Algoritmo de dígito de verificação

Math formula calculating verification digits for error detection.

Módulo 10

Most common check digit algorithm, used by EAN/UPC barcodes.

Módulo 43

Code 39 check digit algorithm dividing character sums by 43.

Módulo 103

Code 128 check digit using weighted positional values mod 103.

Soma ponderada

Digit calculation using position-dependent multiplier weights.

Verificação de dígitos

Recalculating a check digit to confirm data integrity.

Leitura incorreta

Scanner decoding incorrect data; detected by check digits.

Taxa de leitura na primeira passagem

Percentage of successful reads on the first scan attempt.

Taxa de decodificação

Overall success percentage across multiple scan attempts.

Sem leitura

Failed scan where the barcode cannot be decoded at all.

Tecnologia de leitura

12

Hardware and software technologies used to read and decode barcode symbols.

Scanner a laser

Scanner using a swept laser beam to read reflected light.

Scanner CCD

Scanner using a CCD sensor array with no moving parts.

Leitor de área

Camera-based scanner reading 1D and 2D barcodes from any angle.

Scanner omnidirecional

Scanner reading barcodes regardless of orientation.

Leitura móvel

Using smartphone cameras to scan barcodes via apps.

Profundidade de campo

Distance range for successful barcode scanner reads.

Linha de varredura

Path of the laser or sensor across a barcode during reading.

Refletância

Percentage of light reflected by bars and spaces.

Sinal de contraste de impressão

Reflectance difference between spaces and bars (PCS formula).

Algoritmo de decodificação

Software converting captured light patterns into barcode data.

Scanner de apresentação

Fixed-mount hands-free scanner for retail checkout counters.

Scanner de varinha

Pen-like contact scanner; the earliest barcode reader type.

Impressão e qualidade

12

Barcode printing methods, materials, and quality assessment standards.

Impressão por transferência térmica

Heat-ribbon printing producing durable, high-quality barcodes.

Impressão térmica direta

Heat-sensitive paper printing for temporary barcode labels.

Impressão de código de barras a jato de tinta

Inkjet printing for industrial case coding and production.

Gravação a laser

Permanent barcode marking on metal, glass, or plastic via laser.

ISO/IEC 15416

International standard grading linear barcode print quality A-F.

ISO/IEC 15415

International standard for 2D barcode print quality grading.

Verificador de código de barras

Device grading barcode print quality per ISO standards.

Ampliação

Barcode scaling factor relative to nominal size (80%-200%).

Truncamento

Reducing barcode height below spec, risking scan reliability.

Redução da largura da barra

Narrowing bars in prepress to compensate for ink spread.

Espalhamento de tinta

Printed bars widening from ink absorption, affecting readability.

Substrato

Material a barcode is printed on, affecting print quality.

Varejo e cadeia de suprimentos

12

Barcode applications in retail point-of-sale, inventory management, and supply chain operations.

Ponto de venda

Retail checkout system scanning barcodes for pricing.

SKU

Retailer's internal product identifier, distinct from GTIN.

Código PLU

4-5 digit number for fresh produce at retail checkout.

Código de barras de cupom

Barcode encoding coupon value and manufacturer for POS redemption.

Suplemento EAN

2- or 5-digit add-on for periodicals and book pricing.

Marcação de caixa

Barcoding outer shipping cases for warehouse operations.

Etiqueta de palete

GS1-128 label on pallets encoding SSCC and product data.

Cross-docking

Logistics process redirecting scanned goods without storage.

EDI

Automated business communication triggered by barcode events.

Aviso de envio antecipado

Pre-delivery EDI document with scannable SSCC data.

Leitura de recebimento

Scanning incoming shipments to update and verify inventory.

Quebra de estoque

Inventory loss from theft, damage, or scan errors.

Saúde e farmácia

12

Barcode systems for patient safety, drug traceability, and medical device identification.

HIBC

Healthcare barcode standard predating GS1 in hospitals.

FMD

EU regulation requiring serialized 2D barcodes on drug packaging.

Serialização

Assigning unique serial numbers to products for track-and-trace.

Agregação

Linking individual item barcodes to their shipping containers.

Histórico do medicamento

Record of each drug custody transfer verified by barcode scans.

DSCSA

US law requiring barcode serialization of pharmaceuticals.

Leitura à beira do leito

Scanning wristband and medication barcodes to prevent errors.

Código de barras em pulseira

Patient wristband barcode for hospital identification.

Rotulagem de amostras

Barcoding blood samples and lab specimens to prevent errors.

Código de barras de banco de sangue

ISBT 128 barcodes on blood products encoding donation data.

Código de barras de vacina

GS1 DataMatrix on vaccine vials encoding NDC and lot data.

Código de barras de instrumento cirúrgico

Laser-etched Data Matrix on instruments for sterilization tracking.

Logística e armazenamento

10

Barcode-driven processes in warehouse management, shipping, and last-mile delivery.

Gestão de armazém

Barcode-driven inventory, picking, packing, and shipping.

Separação guiada por luz

Barcode scanning with illuminated pick locations.

Código de barras de localização

Barcodes on shelves and bins encoding storage location IDs.

Contagem cíclica

Periodic barcode-scanned verification of selected inventory.

Separação por ondas

Processing multiple orders simultaneously via barcode scanning.

Rastreamento de última milha

Barcode scanning at each stage from warehouse to doorstep.

Comprovante de entrega

Electronic delivery confirmation via barcode scans and signatures.

Classificação

Automated conveyor routing packages via barcode scanning.

Peso dimensional

Shipping cost calculation from package dimensions.

Separação por voz

Voice-directed picking with barcode scan verification.

Padrões e regulamentos

12

International standards organizations and regulatory frameworks governing barcode implementation.

ISO/IEC

Joint body publishing international barcode standards.

AIM Internacional

Association for Automatic Identification and Mobility standards.

ANSI

US standards body that adopted barcode symbology standards.

Organização Membro GS1

National GS1 affiliates assigning company prefixes locally.

Data Sunrise

GS1 deadline for mandatory new barcode format acceptance.

Rotulagem de conformidade

Meeting barcode labeling requirements to avoid chargebacks.

Estorno

Retailer penalty for non-compliant or unreadable barcodes.

Portador de dados

Physical barcode symbol carrying encoded data.

Identificador de simbologia

Scanner-transmitted prefix identifying the barcode type read.

Identificação automática

Technology category: barcodes, RFID, NFC, and biometrics.

Estrutura de dados

Defined format and meaning of barcode-encoded data.

Padrão de aplicação

Industry-specific barcode rules like HIBC or AIAG standards.

História e inovação

15

Key milestones, inventions, and innovations in the evolution of barcode technology.

Patente Woodland e Silver

1949 US patent describing the first barcode concept.

Código de barras olho de boi

Original 1949 circular barcode inspired by Morse code.

Primeira Leitura UPC

June 26, 1974: first product barcode scan in Troy, Ohio.

IBM e os Códigos de Barras

George Laurer at IBM designed UPC-A in 1973.

Inovação 2D da DENSO WAVE

DENSO WAVE invented QR Code in 1994 for consumer use.

UPS e MaxiCode

UPS developed MaxiCode in 1992 for package sorting.

Comitê Ad Hoc

1970s committee that selected UPC from competing proposals.

Invenção da leitura a laser

1970s HeNe laser scanners enabling high-speed barcode reading.

Formação do GS1

2005 merger of EAN International and UCC into GS1.

Sunrise 2005

2005 deadline requiring scanners to read both UPC-A and EAN-13.

Evolução do código de barras 2D

1980s-1990s development of PDF417, Data Matrix, and QR codes.

RFID vs código de barras

Ongoing comparison of RFID tags versus barcodes for Auto-ID.

Futuro do Link Digital GS1

GS1 initiative replacing barcodes with QR-based web URIs by 2027.

Comércio móvel e códigos de barras

Barcode transformation via smartphone scanning and mobile payments.

Codificação de barras sustentável

Eco-friendly barcoding with recycled labels and soy-based inks.

Related on QRCodeFYI

QR Code Glossary

Definitions for QR code technology and standards.

Perguntas Frequentes

O que o glossário de código de barras abrange?

O glossário define mais de 150 termos de código de barras em 12categorias, incluindo simbologias, algoritmos de codificação,especificações de impressão e padrões GS1.

O que é uma simbologia de código de barras?

Uma simbologia de código de barras é o padrão específico decodificação que define o padrão de barras e espaços usados pararepresentar dados em um código de barras.

Qual é a diferença entre códigos de barras 1D e 2D?

Códigos de barras 1D codificam dados nas larguras das barrashorizontais; códigos de barras 2D codificam dados em padrõeshorizontais e verticais, armazenando muito mais informação.

O que é uma zona silenciosa em um código de barras?

Uma zona silenciosa é a margem em branco de espaço em branconecessária em cada lado de um código de barras para permitir que osleitores o distingam do conteúdo ao redor.